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The following events occurred in December 1911: ==December 1, 1911 (Friday)== *At Urga (now Ulan Bator), a new Mongolian Empire was declared independent from the Chinese Empire. Chinese officials of the Qing dynasty were expelled from what had been "Outer Mongolia", and an setting up its own government on the 11th day of the First Winter Month of the year of the Pig. Unlike other provinces of China that would become part of the Republic of China, Mongolia remained a separate nation.〔Urgunge Onon and Derrick Pritchatt, ''Asia's First Modern Revolution: Mongolia Proclaims its Independence in 1911'' (BRILL, 1989) p15〕 *Los Angeles Times bombing: James B. McNamara and John J. McNamara stunned Americans who had been following their trial for murder, when James pleaded guilty to the dynamiting of the ''Los Angeles Times'' building on October 1, 1910, and John, the secretary-treasurer of the International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers, pled to having caused an explosion at the Llewellyn Iron Works.〔"DYNAMITERS ADMIT GUILT - TIMES BOMB EXPLODED BY M'NAMARA", ''Milwaukee Sentinel'', December 2, 1911, p1〕 Chief counsel Clarence Darrow explained the plea, saying, "From the first, there was never the slightest chance to win," adding, "There was overwhelming evidence of all kinds which no one could have surmounted if he would."〔"Darrow Defends His Course", ''New York Times'', December 6, 1911〕 James was sentenced to life imprisonment and his brother John to 15 years. *The first International Opium Conference opened at the Hague. The United States, United Kingdom, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Persia (Iran), Portugal, Russia, and Siam (Thailand), sent representatives, presided over by Bishop Charles H. Brent, Episcopal bishop for the Philippines.〔"Opium Conference To-Day", ''New York Times'', December 1, 1911; Mannfred A. Hollinger, ''Introduction to Pharmacology'' (CRC Press, 2003) p357〕 *Born: Walter Alston, American baseball manager who guided the Brooklyn Dodgers and then the Los Angeles Dodgers to four World Series championships, in Venice, Ohio (d. 1984) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「December 1911」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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